For small to medium-sized businesses (SMEs), protecting online data and maintaining network security is essential. A fundamental component of your digital security is understanding and securing your IP address. An IP address is more than just a technical IT term; it’s a key identifier that enables internet communication while also representing a potential point of vulnerability if left unprotected. Here, we’ll explain IP addresses, how to look them up, and practical ways to protect your business network.
What is an IP Address?
An IP address, or Internet Protocol address, is a unique identifier assigned to each device connected to a network. This "digital address" enables devices to communicate across the internet. For SMEs, understanding IP addresses is the first step toward securing your network.
Types of IP Addresses
- Private IP Addresses:
Used within your network, each device connected to your router has a unique private IP, which helps devices identify and connect with one another internally.
- Public IP Addresses:
This is your network’s main address visible to the outside internet. It is assigned by your Internet Service Provider (ISP) and represents your entire network to the external world.
Within these types, public IPs can be either:
- Dynamic IP Addresses:
These change periodically, providing a layer of security since IP addresses aren’t consistently exposed.
- Static IP Addresses:
A fixed IP address often used by businesses that host servers or web services, as it provides consistent access.
How to Look Up IP Addresses
Knowing your IP address is essential for managing network security and troubleshooting issues.
- To Find a Public IP Address:
Simply search “What is my IP address?” on Google, and your public IP will display at the top of the results. Sites like IPLocation provide additional details, such as the general geographic area of the ISP.
- To Find a Private IP Address:
Windows: Open the Command Prompt, type ipconfig, and look for the “IPv4 Address.”
Mac: Go to System Preferences > Network, and your IP address will be visible.
Phone: In Settings > Wi-Fi, tap the “i” icon next to your network name to view your IP.
To see all devices on your network, access your router’s settings (usually by entering your router's IP into a web browser on the same network) and look under sections like "attached devices."
IP Security Threats: How Cybercriminals Can Exploit IP Addresses
While IP addresses are crucial for connectivity, they can also be exploited by cybercriminals if left unprotected. Here are some common security threats associated with IP addresses:
1. Social Engineering & Online Tracking
Attackers may use social engineering to trick employees into revealing sensitive information, including IP addresses. They might impersonate technical support or reach out on social media under a fake profile. Cybercriminals can also identify your IP through online interactions, especially in public forums or video conferencing.
2. IP Address Tracking
With your IP address, attackers can use IP tracking sites to identify the general location of your business. By combining this with other public information, they can map out a more specific profile of your business, which could lead to targeted attacks.
3. Direct Network Attacks
Unprotected IP addresses can leave your network vulnerable to attacks like:
- DDoS (Distributed Denial-of-Service): This attack floods your network with traffic, overwhelming the server and causing downtime.
- Port Scanning: Attackers scan for open ports on your network and attempt to exploit them to gain access.
4. Unauthorised Activity and Impersonation
Cybercriminals can impersonate your IP address to conduct illegal activities, like downloading illegal content, which could lead to reputational damage and even legal consequences for your business.
Types of Website IP Addresses for Businesses
For SMEs with a website, it’s also essential to understand the types of IP addresses used in web hosting:
- Shared IP Address: If your website is hosted on a shared server, it uses a shared IP along with other websites. This is common for smaller websites with manageable traffic.
- Dedicated IP Address: A dedicated IP address is ideal if your business requires an SSL certificate, wants to host its own FTP server, or needs a secure, standalone web presence.
"Your IP address is your digital home. It’s essential to protect it from unwanted intrusions — just like locking the front door to your house."
— Nathan Stewart | Director & Chief Information Security Officer, Total Group
Best Practices to Secure Your Business IP Address
By taking a few key steps, you can protect your business network from common IP-based attacks:
1. Use a Firewall and VPN
Firewalls filter incoming and outgoing traffic, blocking unauthorised access, while a VPN (Virtual Private Network) hides your IP address, adding an extra layer of security.
2. Limit IP Access and Use Dynamic IPs Where Possible
Dynamic IPs add a layer of protection since they change regularly. Only allow trusted IPs to connect to sensitive resources, and consider periodically changing access permissions.
3. Regularly Update Software and Systems
Many attacks exploit outdated software. Schedule updates to ensure your systems are patched against known vulnerabilities.
4. Leverage Penetration Testing as a Service (PTaaS)
Traditional annual testing can leave gaps as cyber threats evolve throughout the year. Penetration Testing as a Service (PTaaS) provides continuous, automated monitoring to identify and address vulnerabilities in real-time. This proactive approach helps your business stay ahead of attackers while meeting compliance standards like PCI DSS and GDPR.
Final Thoughts
For SMEs, protecting your IP addresses and securing your network is vital to prevent data breaches and cyberattacks. While traditional methods like annual penetration testing are still valuable, they can leave critical gaps. By implementing a solution with continuous, automated testing, you ensure that your business is covered year-round, giving you confidence in your cybersecurity defences and peace of mind.
If you want to learn more about how automated, real-time penetration testing can keep your business secure and compliant, download our white paper to explore the full benefits.